Smart Grid Routing for Linky Meters

Linky Smart Meter

In collaboration with EDF (Electricity of France) and ENEDIS (The French National Grid), I worked on the communication protocol for Linky meters — the G3-PLC smart meters used in France. 

The LOADng routing protocol — The LLN On-demand Ad hoc Distance-vector Routing Protocol – Next Generation is designed to find paths from a Linky meter to its concentrator.

It has been adopted at ITU-G9903 international standard (https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.9903), and now being deployed in 35 million smart meters in France.

elec-grid

As a reactive protocol, the basic operations of LOAD include generation of Route Requests (RREQs) by a router (originator) for when discovering a route to a destination, forwarding of such RREQs until they reach the destination router, generation of Route Replies (RREPs) upon receipt of a RREQ by the indicated destination, and unicast hop-by-hop forwarding of these RREPs towards the originator. If a route is detected broken, i.e., if forwarding of a data packet to the recorded next hop on the path to the destination is detected to fail, local route repair can be attempted, or a Route Error (RERR) message can be returned to the originator of that data packet.

Related publications:

2017

Clausen, Thomas; Yi, Jiazi; Herberg, Ulrich

Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distance-vector Routing - Next Generation (LOADng): Protocol, Extension, and Applicability Journal Article

In: Computer Networks, vol. 126, pp. 125-140, 2017, ISSN: 1389-1286.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

2016

Clausen, Thomas; de Verdiere, Axel Colin; Yi, Jiazi; Igarashi, Yuichi; Lys, Thierry; Lavenu, Cedric; Herberg, Ulrich; Satoh, Hiroki; Niktash, Afshin; Dean, Justin

ITU G.9903 Narrow-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing power line communication transceivers for G3-PLC networks: Amendment 1 -- The Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distance-vector Routing Protocol - Next Generation (LOADng) Miscellaneous

2016.

Links | BibTeX

2015

Yi, Jiazi; Fuertes, Juan; Clausen, Thomas

Jitter Consideration for Reactive Protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) Miscellaneous

2015.

Links | BibTeX

Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas; Herberg, Ulrich

Depth First Forwarding for Unreliable Networks: Extensions and Applications Journal Article

In: Internet of Things Journal, IEEE, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 199–209, 2015.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

2014

Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas

Collection Tree Protocol for Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distance- vector Routing - Next Generation (LOADng-CT) Miscellaneous

2014.

Links | BibTeX

Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas

Smart Route Request for Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distance-vector Routing - Next Generation Miscellaneous

2014.

Links | BibTeX

Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas

Collection Tree Extension of Reactive Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks Journal Article

In: International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, vol. 2014, pp. e352421, 2014, ISSN: 1550-1329.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas; Herberg, Ulrich

Depth First Forwarding for Low Power and Lossy Networks: Application and Extension Proceedings Article

In: Proceedings of IEEE World Forum on Internet of Things WF-IoT 2014, 2014.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Clausen, Thomas; Yi, Jiazi

Path Accumulation Extensions for the LOADng Routing Protocol in Sensor Networks Proceedings Article

In: Hsu, RobertC. -H.; Wang, Shangguang (Ed.): Internet of Vehicles – Technologies and Services, pp. 150-159, Springer International Publishing, 2014, ISBN: 978-3-319-11166-7.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

2013

Clausen, Thomas; Yi, Jiazi; Bas, Antonin; Herberg, Ulrich

A Depth First Forwarding (DFF) Extension for the LOADng Routing Protocol Proceedings Article

In: ASON 2013 Sixth International Workshop on Autonomous Self-Organizing Networks, 2013.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas; Igarashi, Yuichi

Evaluation of Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks: LOADng and RPL Proceedings Article

In: 2013 IEEE Conference on Wireless Sensors, 2013.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Yi, Jiazi; Cordero, Juan Antonio; Clausen, Thomas

Jitter Considerations in On-demand Route Discovery for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Proceedings Article

In: The 16th International Conference on Network-Based Information Systems (NBiS-2013), 2013.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Cordero, Juan Antonio; Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas; Baccelli, Emmanuel

Enabling Multihop Communication in Spontaneous Wireless Networks Book Chapter

In: Haddadi, Hamed; Bonaventure, Olivier (Ed.): Recent Advances in Networking, Chapter 9, pp. 413-457, ACM SIGCOMM, 2013.

Links | BibTeX

Clausen, Thomas; Camacho, Alberto; Yi, Jiazi; de Verdiere, Axel Colin; Igarashi, Yuichi; Satoh, Hiroki; Morii, Yoko; Herber, Ulrich; Lavenu, Cedric

Interoperability Report for the Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distance- vector Routing Protocol - Next Generation (LOADng) Miscellaneous

2013.

Links | BibTeX

Cordero, Juan Antonio; Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas

Optimization of jitter configuration for reactive route discovery in wireless mesh networks Proceedings Article

In: 2013 11th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc and Wireless Networks (WiOpt), , IEEE , 2013, ISBN: 978-1-61284-824-2.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

2012

Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas; Bas, Antonin

Smart Route Request for On-demand Route Discovery in Constrained Environments Proceedings Article

In: 2012 IEEE International Conference on Wireless Information Technology and Systems, 2012.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Bas, Antonin; Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas

Expanding Ring Search for Route Discovery in LOADng Routing Protocol Proceedings Article

In: The 1st International Workshop on Smart Technologies for Energy, Information and Communication, 2012.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Yi, Jiazi; Clausen, Thomas; de Verdiere, Axel Colin

Efficient Data Acquisition in Sensor Networks:Introducing (the) LOADng Collection Tree Protocol Proceedings Article

In: IEEE WiCom 2012, The 8th IEEE International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing., 2012.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Clausen, Thomas; Yi, Jiazi; de Verdiere, Axel Colin

LOADng: Towards AODV Version 2 Proceedings Article

In: 2012 IEEE 76th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2012.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX