SEREADMO
SEREADMO is a French national project supported by RNRT (National Network of Research in Telecommunications). Four famous French universities and companies, including IRCCyN-IVC, THALES Group, Keosys and University of Poitiers participated in the project.
It lasted for 3 years from 2006 to 2009. Its goal is to find a secure and reliable routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks.
The three fundamentale ideas of the project are:
- The routing protocol makes use of the Mojette Transform.
- The data distribution and the validation of data integrity are defined by Mojette Transform, which permits the division of the information into redundant projections.
- The MIMO technology is used.The protocol guarantees the authentication and the confidentiality of the packets transmitted in the intermediate nodes and the destination.
Figure 1 Wireless ad hoc network
The project was finished in July 2009. In accordance with the objects of the project, the following results are obtained:
- A multipath routing protocol. The MP-OLSR has been validated with the metrics of quality of service (delay, packet delivery ratio, jitter, etc.) in simulations and testbed.A data securing mehcnism based on redundancy coding.
- The Mojette Transform are used to improve the packet delivery ratio in the mobile networks which have unreliable links.
- Exploitation of a realistic physic layer model and the evaluation with the routing protocol. On one hand, it uses a model to simulate the behavior of the channel in ad hoc networks. It is based on the rayons theory and the homogeneous zone concept which consider the channel behavior in static and low mobility scenarios. On the other hand, it makes uses of the quality of the radio links to determine the route.
Implementation based on olsrd
The MP-OLSR is implemented based on olsrd. The ASUS eeePC 901 and the Backtrack Linux distribution are employed to build mobile nodes.
The source code and related documentation are available here:
Source code of MP-OLSR based on olsrd and the github link: https://github.com/yijiazi/mpolsr_testbed
MP-OLSR installation guide
Description_de_la_plate-forme_dexperimentation (in French)
MP-OLSR journal
Research project report (by Benjamin Molle and Denis Souron)
A brief introduction of installation is also avaible at http://blog.asiantuntijakaveri.fi/2013/02/multipath-olsrd-sereadmo.html , by asiantuntijakaveri@ichtyotoxism
Reference information:
Related publication
2017
Yi, Jiazi; Parrein, Benoit
Multipath Extension for the Optimized Link State Routing Protocol Version 2 (OLSRv2) Miscellaneous
RFC 8218, 2017.
@misc{rfc8218,
title = {Multipath Extension for the Optimized Link State Routing Protocol Version 2 (OLSRv2)},
author = {Jiazi Yi and Benoit Parrein},
url = {https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8218.txt},
doi = {10.17487/RFC8218},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-08-25},
number = {8218},
publisher = {RFC Editor},
series = {Request for Comments},
abstract = {This document specifies a multipath extension for the Optimized Link State Routing Protocol version 2 (OLSRv2) to discover multiple disjoint paths for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). Considering the characteristics of MANETs, especially the dynamic network topology, using multiple paths can increase aggregated throughput and improve the reliability by avoiding single route failures. The interoperability with OLSRv2 is retained.},
howpublished = {RFC 8218},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
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This document specifies a multipath extension for the Optimized Link State Routing Protocol version 2 (OLSRv2) to discover multiple disjoint paths for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). Considering the characteristics of MANETs, especially the dynamic network topology, using multiple paths can increase aggregated throughput and improve the reliability by avoiding single route failures. The interoperability with OLSRv2 is retained.
2016
Yi, Jiazi; Parrein, Benoit
Multi-path Extension for the Optimized Link State Routing Protocol version 2 (OLSRv2) Miscellaneous
IETF Internet Draft, 2016.
@misc{yi_olsrv2-multipath-2016,
title = {Multi-path Extension for the Optimized Link State Routing Protocol version 2 (OLSRv2)},
author = {Jiazi Yi and Benoit Parrein},
url = {https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-manet-olsrv2-multipath-11},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-07-25},
urldate = {2015-11-20},
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2012
Radu, Dan; Avram, Camelia; Aştilean, Adina; Parrein, Benoît; Yi, Jiazi
Acoustic noise pollution monitoring in an urban environment using a VANET network Proceedings Article
In: 2012 IEEE International Conference on Automation Quality and Testing Robotics (AQTR), pp. 244-248, IEEE, Cluj-Napoca, 2012, ISBN: 978-1-4673-0701-7.
@inproceedings{yi-vanet-2011,
title = {Acoustic noise pollution monitoring in an urban environment using a VANET network},
author = {Dan Radu and Camelia Avram and Adina Aştilean and Benoît Parrein and Jiazi Yi},
url = {http://jiaziyi.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Acoustic-noise-pollution-monitoring-in-an-urban-environment-using-a-VANET-network.pdf
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6237711
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doi = {10.1109/AQTR.2012.6237711},
isbn = {978-1-4673-0701-7},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-05-24},
booktitle = {2012 IEEE International Conference on Automation Quality and Testing Robotics (AQTR)},
pages = {244-248},
publisher = {IEEE},
address = {Cluj-Napoca},
abstract = {The main objective of this work is the development of a Vehicle Ad Hoc NETwork (VANET) to collect data from GPS equipped mobile phones used as noise detectors. In this system, sensor nodes perioadically transmit acoustic noise levels to neighboring cars, data packets being shared and temporary stored by participating VANET nodes and ultimately forwarded to a collector node connected to the Internet, providing public real-time data. A routing technique called MP-OLSR that takes into account the spatially separation between the multiple paths is used, for better transmission reliability and congestion avoidance as well as for control message overhead minimization.},
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The main objective of this work is the development of a Vehicle Ad Hoc NETwork (VANET) to collect data from GPS equipped mobile phones used as noise detectors. In this system, sensor nodes perioadically transmit acoustic noise levels to neighboring cars, data packets being shared and temporary stored by participating VANET nodes and ultimately forwarded to a collector node connected to the Internet, providing public real-time data. A routing technique called MP-OLSR that takes into account the spatially separation between the multiple paths is used, for better transmission reliability and congestion avoidance as well as for control message overhead minimization.
Radu, Dan; Yi, Jiazi; Parrein, Benoit
QoE enhancement for H.264/SVC video transmission in MANET using MP-OLSR protocol Proceedings Article
In: ISIVC 2012, the 6th International Symposium on signal, Image, Video and Communications, pp. 1-4, Valenciennes, France, 2012.
@inproceedings{radu:hal-00716057,
title = {QoE enhancement for H.264/SVC video transmission in MANET using MP-OLSR protocol},
author = {Dan Radu and Jiazi Yi and Benoit Parrein},
url = {http://jiaziyi.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/QoE-enhancement-for-H.264SVC-video-transmission-in-MANET-using-MP-OLSR-protocol-.pdf
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booktitle = {ISIVC 2012, the 6th International Symposium on signal, Image, Video and Communications},
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abstract = {This paper addresses the problem of enhancing video service quality for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) scenarios. We offer Multipath Optimized Link State (MP-OLSR) routing protocol for H.264/SVC bitstream forwarding in the MANET network. Besides the usage of a suitable routing protocol, the video quality can be further enhanced by using the scalable encoding feature of Scalable Video Coding (SVC) combined with Unequal Error Protection (UEP). SVC is an extension of the H.264/AVC video compression standard used for high-quality video bitstreams encoding, providing spatial, temporal and quality scalability. To evaluate video quality, the Video Quality Metric (VQM) is used. We chose 5 different video contents for our simulations characterized by various temporal and spatial complexities. These video references are taken from the Video Quality Expert Group (VQEG). The results show that multipath routing combined with UEP can effectively improve the quality of video communication over MANET in terms of VQM and successful video decoding.},
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This paper addresses the problem of enhancing video service quality for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) scenarios. We offer Multipath Optimized Link State (MP-OLSR) routing protocol for H.264/SVC bitstream forwarding in the MANET network. Besides the usage of a suitable routing protocol, the video quality can be further enhanced by using the scalable encoding feature of Scalable Video Coding (SVC) combined with Unequal Error Protection (UEP). SVC is an extension of the H.264/AVC video compression standard used for high-quality video bitstreams encoding, providing spatial, temporal and quality scalability. To evaluate video quality, the Video Quality Metric (VQM) is used. We chose 5 different video contents for our simulations characterized by various temporal and spatial complexities. These video references are taken from the Video Quality Expert Group (VQEG). The results show that multipath routing combined with UEP can effectively improve the quality of video communication over MANET in terms of VQM and successful video decoding.
2011
Yi, Jiazi
Multipath routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks PhD Thesis
University of Nantes, 2011.
@phdthesis{yi-thesis-mpolsr-2011,
title = {Multipath routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks},
author = {Jiazi Yi},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01162392/file/MP-OLSR_thesis.pdf},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-11-19},
address = {Nantes, France},
school = {University of Nantes},
abstract = { Ad hoc networks consist of a collection of wireless mobile nodes which dynamically exchange data without reliance on any fixed based station or a wired backbone network. They are by definition self-organized. The frequent topological changes make multi-hops routing a crucial issue for these networks. In this PhD thesis, we propose a multipath routing protocol named Multipath Optimized Link State Routing (MP-OLSR). It is a multipath extension of OLSR, and can be regarded as a hybrid routing scheme because it combines the proactive nature of topology sensing and reactive nature of multipath computation. The auxiliary functions as route recovery and loop detection are introduced to improve the performance of the network. The usage of queue length metric for link quality criteria is studied and the compatibility between single path and multipath routing is discussed to facilitate the deployment of the protocol. The simulations based on NS2 and Qualnet softwares are performed in different scenarios. A testbed is also set up in the campus of Polytech’Nantes. The results from the simulator and testbed reveal that MP-OLSR is particularly suitable for mobile, large and dense networks with heavy network load thanks to its ability to distribute the traffic into different paths and effective auxiliary functions. The H.264/SVC video service is applied to ad hoc networks with MP-OLSR. By exploiting the scalable characteristic of H.264/SVC, we propose to use Priority Forward Error Correction coding based on Finite Radon Transform (FRT) to improve the received video quality. An evaluation framework called SVCEval is built to simulate the SVC video transmission over different kinds of networks in Qualnet. This second study highlights the interest of multiple path routing to improve quality of experience over self-organized networks.},
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Ad hoc networks consist of a collection of wireless mobile nodes which dynamically exchange data without reliance on any fixed based station or a wired backbone network. They are by definition self-organized. The frequent topological changes make multi-hops routing a crucial issue for these networks. In this PhD thesis, we propose a multipath routing protocol named Multipath Optimized Link State Routing (MP-OLSR). It is a multipath extension of OLSR, and can be regarded as a hybrid routing scheme because it combines the proactive nature of topology sensing and reactive nature of multipath computation. The auxiliary functions as route recovery and loop detection are introduced to improve the performance of the network. The usage of queue length metric for link quality criteria is studied and the compatibility between single path and multipath routing is discussed to facilitate the deployment of the protocol. The simulations based on NS2 and Qualnet softwares are performed in different scenarios. A testbed is also set up in the campus of Polytech’Nantes. The results from the simulator and testbed reveal that MP-OLSR is particularly suitable for mobile, large and dense networks with heavy network load thanks to its ability to distribute the traffic into different paths and effective auxiliary functions. The H.264/SVC video service is applied to ad hoc networks with MP-OLSR. By exploiting the scalable characteristic of H.264/SVC, we propose to use Priority Forward Error Correction coding based on Finite Radon Transform (FRT) to improve the received video quality. An evaluation framework called SVCEval is built to simulate the SVC video transmission over different kinds of networks in Qualnet. This second study highlights the interest of multiple path routing to improve quality of experience over self-organized networks.
Yi, Jiazi; Parrein, Benoit; Radu, Dan
Multipath routing protocol for manet: Application to H.264/SVC video content delivery Proceedings Article
In: Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC), 2011 14th International Symposium on, 2011, ISBN: 1347-6890.
@inproceedings{yi-svc-2011,
title = {Multipath routing protocol for manet: Application to H.264/SVC video content delivery},
author = {Jiazi Yi and Benoit Parrein and Dan Radu},
url = {http://jiaziyi.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/MP-OLSR-SVC_WPMC2011_v0.1.pdf
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6081479},
isbn = {1347-6890},
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abstract = {Multi-Path OLSR is an extension of the single path routing protocol OLSR. The QoS has been demonstrated in simulation and testbed. In this paper, we attempt to confirm those results at the application layer specially for critical applications as video services over wireless networks. The standard H264/SVC is chosen for its enormous potential in video delivery in lossy networks. Still vulnerable to packet losses, we combine the scalable source coding to an Unequal Error Protection (UEP) scheme in order to improve a simple Quality of Experience (QoE) measurements i.e PSNR. In a new simulation framework called SVCEval, the combination of path diversity and scalable protection insures a significant 2 dB gain in QoE for sensitive contents and mobile scenarios in comparison with just MP-OLSR. Within the same context, single path strategy delivers non acceptable video services as soon as nodes are mobile.
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Multi-Path OLSR is an extension of the single path routing protocol OLSR. The QoS has been demonstrated in simulation and testbed. In this paper, we attempt to confirm those results at the application layer specially for critical applications as video services over wireless networks. The standard H264/SVC is chosen for its enormous potential in video delivery in lossy networks. Still vulnerable to packet losses, we combine the scalable source coding to an Unequal Error Protection (UEP) scheme in order to improve a simple Quality of Experience (QoE) measurements i.e PSNR. In a new simulation framework called SVCEval, the combination of path diversity and scalable protection insures a significant 2 dB gain in QoE for sensitive contents and mobile scenarios in comparison with just MP-OLSR. Within the same context, single path strategy delivers non acceptable video services as soon as nodes are mobile.
Yi, Jiazi; Adnane, Asmaa; David, Sylvain; Benoit, Parrein
Multipath optimized link state routing for mobile ad hoc networks Journal Article
In: Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 28–47, 2011, ISSN: 15708705.
@article{yi_multipath_2011,
title = {Multipath optimized link state routing for mobile ad hoc networks},
author = {Jiazi Yi and Asmaa Adnane and Sylvain David and Parrein Benoit},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1570870510000533
http://jiaziyi.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/MP-OLSR_offprint.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.adhoc.2010.04.007},
issn = {15708705},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
urldate = {2015-11-20},
journal = {Ad Hoc Networks},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {28--47},
abstract = {Multipath routing protocols for Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) address the problem of scalability, security (confidentiality and integrity), lifetime of networks, instability of wireless transmissions, and their adaptation to applications.
Our protocol, called MultiPath OLSR (MP-OLSR), is a multipath routing protocol based on OLSR [1]. The Multipath Dijkstra Algorithm is proposed to obtain multiple paths. The algorithm gains great flexibility and extensibility by employing different link metrics and cost functions. In addition, route recovery and loop detection are implemented in MP-OLSR in order to improve quality of service regarding OLSR. The backward compatibility with OLSR based on IP source routing is also studied. Simulation based on Qualnet simulator is performed in different scenarios. A testbed is also set up to validate the protocol in real world. The results reveal that MP-OLSR is suitable for mobile, large and dense networks with large traffic, and could satisfy critical multimedia applications with high on time constraints.},
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tppubtype = {article}
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Multipath routing protocols for Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) address the problem of scalability, security (confidentiality and integrity), lifetime of networks, instability of wireless transmissions, and their adaptation to applications.
Our protocol, called MultiPath OLSR (MP-OLSR), is a multipath routing protocol based on OLSR [1]. The Multipath Dijkstra Algorithm is proposed to obtain multiple paths. The algorithm gains great flexibility and extensibility by employing different link metrics and cost functions. In addition, route recovery and loop detection are implemented in MP-OLSR in order to improve quality of service regarding OLSR. The backward compatibility with OLSR based on IP source routing is also studied. Simulation based on Qualnet simulator is performed in different scenarios. A testbed is also set up to validate the protocol in real world. The results reveal that MP-OLSR is suitable for mobile, large and dense networks with large traffic, and could satisfy critical multimedia applications with high on time constraints.
2009
Yi, Jiazi; David, Sylvain; Adnane, Hassiba Asmaa; Parrein, Benoit; Lecourtier, Xavier
Multipath OLSR: Simulation and Testbed Proceedings Article
In: 5th OLSR Interop/Workshop, Vienna, Austria, 2009.
@inproceedings{yi:hal-00424891,
title = {Multipath OLSR: Simulation and Testbed},
author = {Jiazi Yi and Sylvain David and Hassiba Asmaa Adnane and Benoit Parrein and Xavier Lecourtier},
url = {http://jiaziyi.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Multipath-OLSR-Simulation-and-Testbed.pdf
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00424891},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-10-01},
booktitle = {5th OLSR Interop/Workshop},
address = {Vienna, Austria},
abstract = { MP-OLSR is a multipath routing protocol based on OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing). The multipath routing protocol is expected to provide more stable routes for the network. In this paper, several topics about MP-OLSR are discussed. We begin with introducing the functionalities of MP-OLSR, which includes topology sensing, routing computation, route recovery and loop detection. Then a testbed is implemented to verify the availability of MP-OLSR. Given OLSR one of the most populated proactive protocols for ad hoc networks, the compatibility between MP-OLSR and OLSR is also discussed. The results based on simulator and our testbed show that MP-OLSR could offer more stable data transmission over the unstable wireless interface. And it could cooperate well with the established OLSR protocol.},
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MP-OLSR is a multipath routing protocol based on OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing). The multipath routing protocol is expected to provide more stable routes for the network. In this paper, several topics about MP-OLSR are discussed. We begin with introducing the functionalities of MP-OLSR, which includes topology sensing, routing computation, route recovery and loop detection. Then a testbed is implemented to verify the availability of MP-OLSR. Given OLSR one of the most populated proactive protocols for ad hoc networks, the compatibility between MP-OLSR and OLSR is also discussed. The results based on simulator and our testbed show that MP-OLSR could offer more stable data transmission over the unstable wireless interface. And it could cooperate well with the established OLSR protocol.
Parrein, Benoit; Yi, Jiazi
SEREADMO : protocole de routage sécurisé pour réseaux ad hoc mobiles Proceedings Article
In: Colloque Francophone sur l'Ing'enierie des Protocoles 2009, pp. 0, Strasbourg, France, 2009.
@inproceedings{parrein:hal-00434308,
title = {SEREADMO : protocole de routage sécurisé pour réseaux ad hoc mobiles},
author = {Benoit Parrein and Jiazi Yi},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00434308},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-01-01},
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2008
Yi, Jiazi
A research on the IFQ of MPOLSR in NS2 Technical Report
Polytech'Nantes 2008.
@techreport{yi-ifq-2008,
title = {A research on the IFQ of MPOLSR in NS2},
author = {Jiazi Yi},
url = {http://jiaziyi.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/A_research_on_the_IFQ_of_MPOLSR_in_NS2.pdf},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-08-26},
institution = {Polytech'Nantes},
abstract = {This research is focused on the length of the interface queue (IFQ) of the MPOLSR protocol. The length of the IFQ in each node of the ad hoc network have big influence in the performance of the networks, both the data delivery ratio and the end-to-end delay. The full of the queue will result in packets loss and the congestion of the queue will cause longer delay. This work examined the behavior of the IFQ in the nodes and compared the performance in different protocols and configurations to give some clues about the IFQ in the future research.},
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This research is focused on the length of the interface queue (IFQ) of the MPOLSR protocol. The length of the IFQ in each node of the ad hoc network have big influence in the performance of the networks, both the data delivery ratio and the end-to-end delay. The full of the queue will result in packets loss and the congestion of the queue will cause longer delay. This work examined the behavior of the IFQ in the nodes and compared the performance in different protocols and configurations to give some clues about the IFQ in the future research.
Yi, Jiazi; Cizeron, Eddy; Hamma, Salima; Parrein, Benoit
Simulation and Performance Analysis of MP-OLSR for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Proceedings Article
In: 2008 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, pp. 2235 - 2240, IEEE, Las Vegas, NV, 2008, ISSN: 1525-3511.
@inproceedings{yi-mpolsr-2008,
title = {Simulation and Performance Analysis of MP-OLSR for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks},
author = {Jiazi Yi and Eddy Cizeron and Salima Hamma and Benoit Parrein},
url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4489426
http://jiaziyi.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/IEEE-Simulation-and-Performance-Analysis-of-MP-OLSR-for-Mobile-Ad-hoc-Networks.pdf},
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year = {2008},
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publisher = {IEEE},
address = {Las Vegas, NV},
abstract = {Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) consist of a collection of wireless mobile nodes which dynamically exchange data without reliance on a fixed base station or a wired backbone network, which makes routing a crucial issue for the design of a ad hoc networks. In this paper we discussed a hybrid multipath routing protocol named MP-OLSR. It is based on the link state algorithm and employs periodic exchange of messages to maintain topology information of the networks. In the mean time, it updates the routing table in an on-demand scheme and forwards the packets in multiple paths which have been determined at the source. If a link failure is detected, the algorithm recovers the route automatically. Concerning the instability of the wireless networks, the redundancy coding is used to improve the delivery ratio. The simulation in NS2 shows that the new protocol can effectively improve the performance of the networks.
},
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Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) consist of a collection of wireless mobile nodes which dynamically exchange data without reliance on a fixed base station or a wired backbone network, which makes routing a crucial issue for the design of a ad hoc networks. In this paper we discussed a hybrid multipath routing protocol named MP-OLSR. It is based on the link state algorithm and employs periodic exchange of messages to maintain topology information of the networks. In the mean time, it updates the routing table in an on-demand scheme and forwards the packets in multiple paths which have been determined at the source. If a link failure is detected, the algorithm recovers the route automatically. Concerning the instability of the wireless networks, the redundancy coding is used to improve the delivery ratio. The simulation in NS2 shows that the new protocol can effectively improve the performance of the networks.
yi, Jiazi; Cizeron, Eddy; Hamma, Salima; Parrein, Benoit; Lesage, Pascal
Implementation of Multipath and Multiple Description Coding in OLSR Proceedings Article
In: 4th OLSR Interop/Work Shop, pp. 19-25, Ottawa, Canada, 2008.
@inproceedings{yi:hal-00364751,
title = {Implementation of Multipath and Multiple Description Coding in OLSR},
author = {Jiazi yi and Eddy Cizeron and Salima Hamma and Benoit Parrein and Pascal Lesage},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00364751
http://jiaziyi.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Implementation_of_Multipath_and_Multiple_Description_Coding_in_OLSR.pdf},
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abstract = {In this paper we discussed the application and the implementation of multipath routing and multiple description coding (MDC) extension of OLSR, called MP-OLSR. It is based on the link state algorithm and employs periodic exchange of messages to maintain topology information of the networks. In the mean time, it updates the routing table in an on-demand scheme and forwards the packets in multiple paths which have been determined at the source. If a link failure is detected, the algorithm recovers the route automatically. Concerning the instability of the wireless networks, the multiple description coding is used to improve reliability of the network transmission, and several methods are proposed to allocate the redundancy in different paths. The simulation in NS2 shows that the new protocol can effectively improve the performance of the networks. The implementation of MP-OLSR is also proposed in the end.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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In this paper we discussed the application and the implementation of multipath routing and multiple description coding (MDC) extension of OLSR, called MP-OLSR. It is based on the link state algorithm and employs periodic exchange of messages to maintain topology information of the networks. In the mean time, it updates the routing table in an on-demand scheme and forwards the packets in multiple paths which have been determined at the source. If a link failure is detected, the algorithm recovers the route automatically. Concerning the instability of the wireless networks, the multiple description coding is used to improve reliability of the network transmission, and several methods are proposed to allocate the redundancy in different paths. The simulation in NS2 shows that the new protocol can effectively improve the performance of the networks. The implementation of MP-OLSR is also proposed in the end.
